Symbolism of Death Used in Because I Could Not Stop for...

In the poems â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death†, by Emily Dickinson and â€Å"Home Burial†, by Robert Frost, literary elements are used throughout both poems to get the message the authors are trying to portray. One main important literary element that is used to entice the reader, is symbolism, because it helps the authors describe something without actual describing it. Symbolism is also used because it shows how significant an object is. Characterization is also an important literary technique because it, gives the reader an idea on how the character would act, work, and their values in life. Death is a topic that is used in both poems. Also, every character express their opinion about death differently. The first poem is â€Å"Because I†¦show more content†¦This refers to my theme because Death isn’t in a hurry to take her to its final resting place, he will get you there eventually, so why the rush? One last quote that describes the theme is in lines 17-20, it says, â€Å"We paused before a House that seemed/ A Swelling of the Ground-/ The Roof was scarcely visible-/ The Cornice – in the Ground.† This quote expresses my theme because the speaker and Death reach their final destination and the speaker symbolizes the grave as her home because this is where she will be laid to rest for eternity. The second poem is â€Å"Home Burial†, by Robert Frost. The poem is about a couple, Amy and her husband, losing their son causing Amy to go through emotional turmoil. Amy is trying to avoid the situation by trying to leave, but her husband is trying to pull her back, so he can figure out what’s wrong with her and as the poem continues the drama increases. The topic of the poem is sadness, which ties into the theme of Amy and her husband’s relationship is on the rock. The theme in this poem is that everyone goes through sadness, but bottling it up doesn’t help the situation. This is due to the death of their son and as the story continues the husband is trying to understand, why Amy is acting the way she is but she receives the message as rude and offensive. Most of the tension is coming from the graveyard, which resigns on their lot that contains their relatives and son. In lines 1-2, it expresses my theme because it has both

Hamlet and the Oedipus Complex Free Essays

William Shakespeare’s Hamlet is a play about indecision, apprehension, and inner turmoil. Hamlet, the main protagonist, struggles within himself, attempting to muster the courage to avenge his father’s death by the hand of the current King, Claudius, who is also his late father’s brother. There seem to be many possible reasons for Hamlet’s delay in doing so. We will write a custom essay sample on Hamlet and the Oedipus Complex or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, the one theory that answers all the questions is that Hamlet was possessed by his own Oedipus Complex , that is, he was deeply in love with his own mother, Gertrude. This can be seen throughout the play in several ways. Hamlet was understandably upset over his father’s death, but he was much less angry about the loss than he was disgusted with his uncle. His â€Å"girlfriend† Ophelia was not his lover, the relationship was a cover-up for his true feelings. King Hamlet’s spirit was aware of this. When he finally gave his blessing to Hamlet and Gertrude, he still did not act against Claudius. And most significantly, when Hamlet finally did take revenge and murder Claudius himself, he only did so because he knew Gertrude would approve at that point. Hamlet did not seem angry with Claudius as much as he seemed disgusted. After Claudius’ marriage to Gertrude in the first act, Hamlet is clearly suicidal in his first soliloquy: O, that this too too solid flesh would melt Thaw and resolve itself into a dew! Or that the Everlasting had not fix’d His canon ‘gainst self-slaughter! O God! God! (I, 2, 129-132) However, the soliloquy is not about the loss of his father, or about Claudius taking the throne, but about his hasty marriage to Gertrude: Ere yet the salt of most unrighteous tears Had left the flushing in her galled eyes, She married. O, most wicked speed, to post With such dexterity to incestuous sheets! It is not nor it cannot come to good: But break, my heart; for I must hold my tongue. (I, 2, 154-159) This undue preoccupation with Gertrude’s personal life and suicidal tendencies show his self-hate and inner turmoil over his feelings for Gertrude, and the repressed desire to have her for himself. It seems as if he had been privately waiting for the inevitable death of his father for a long time, and was extremely bitter that Claudius married Gertrude before he had her to himself for any amount of time. Hamlet’s relationship with Ophelia was a guise put up for two reasons: Firstly, a cover-up for Hamlet’s inappropriate feelings for Gertrude, and secondly, a sexual release for Hamlet. Whether Hamlet consciously realized this or not, he showed displays of love for Ophelia when he felt he was obligated, such as when he jumped into her grave, but when the two of them were together in private, he did not treat her as one should treat a significant other. It was seen how Hamlet treated Ophelia in private when he spoke to her in the castle: You should not have believed me; for virtue cannot o inoculate our old stock but we shall relish of it: I loved you not. (III, 1, 118-120) Get thee to a nunnery: why wouldst thou be a breeder of sinners? I am myself indifferent honest; but yet I could accuse me of such things that it were better my mother had not borne me: I am very proud, revengeful, ambitious, with more offences at my beck than I have thoughts to put them in, imagination to give them shape, or time to act them in. (III, 1, 121-128) He told her, essentially, that he never loved her and discourages her from breeding immoral beings like himself. It seems that he may have begun to realize his complex around this point, and while he cared for Ophelia enough to try and let her go, he did not love her enough to continue the guise. However: When Hamlet was in the graveyard in Act 5 Scene 1, he speaks matter-of-factly about death and dying with Horatio: No, faith, not a jot; but to follow him thither with modesty enough, and likelihood to lead it: as thus: Alexander died, Alexander was buried, Alexander returneth into dust; the dust is earth; of earth we make loam; and why of that loam, whereto he as converted, might they not stop a beer-barrel? Imperious Caesar, dead and turn’d to clay, Might stop a hole to keep the wind away: O, that that earth, which kept the world in awe, Should patch a wall to expel the winter flaw! (V, 1, 192-202) He seems apathetic towards the bodies in the graveyard, and even after Ophelia’s corpse was brought to the grave, he did not react until Gertrude said: Sweets to the sweet: farewell! I hoped thou shouldst have been my Hamlet’s wife; I thought thy bride-bed to have deck’d, sweet maid, And not have strew’d thy grave. (V, I, 230-235) It was then that Laertes leapt into Ophelia’s grave, and presumably for the sake of attaining Gertrude’s approval, Hamlet did as well. His feelings for Ophelia were of lower priority than pleasing his mother. He stayed with Ophelia for a sexual release, and when Ophelia found out that Hamlet did not love her and what he was using her for, she went mad. The songs she sang before the time of her death were about her dead father, Polonius â€Å"He is dead and gone, lady/He is dead and gone/At his head a grass-green turf/ At his heels a stone,† (IV, 5, 34 37). â€Å"I hope all will be well. We must be patient: but I/ cannot choose but weep, to think they should lay him/ i’ the cold ground. My brother shall know of it† (IV, 5, 73 75). This shows how Ophelia was consumed and eventually driven to madness and suicide by the influence of controlling men over her life: Hamlet was the catalyst to her destruction. King Hamlet’s spirit seemed to be well-aware of the nature of Hamlet’s love for Gertrude. While the ghost did come back to ask Hamlet to avenge him, there was an underlying implication that he was conscious of Hamlet’s true feelings, and disapproved of them. So to seduce! –won to his shameful lust The will of my most seeming-virtuous queen! † (I, 5, 48-50) King Hamlet stated throughout the scene several times that his love for Gertrude was dignified, and that he was against incest in Denmark’s royal bed. However, when speaking about incest, he never specifically says that he only means Claudius. Throughout the play , Hamlet showed an indecent interest in Gertrude’s sex life. It is highly irregular for a son to go into such graphic detail when expressing his unhappiness with Gertrude’s choice in partners. Hamlet actually says to Gertrude: Nay, but to live In the rank sweat of an enseamed bed, Stew’d in corruption, honeying and making love Over the nasty sty— (III, 4, 91-94) This outburst seems unnecessarily sexually explicit. Hamlet’s preoccupation with Gertrude’s personal life is strange, given that he could have addressed the situation with critique of Claudius’ leadership or Gertrude’s marriage without the graphic imagery. In the 3rd scene, Hamlet is invited into Gertrude’s closet, a strangely intimate situation for mother and son, and speaks with her about her marriage to Claudius. King Hamlet’s ghost appears and tells Hamlet to â€Å"Step between her and her fighting soul† (III, 4, 113) presumably encouraging Hamlet to help her put an end to her relationship with Claudius. However, Hamlet is still scared to act, as he says: Do not look upon me Lest with this piteous action you convert My stern effects: then what I have to do Will want true color. (III, 4, 129-132) Hamlet meant that he was afraid to eliminate Claudius, because he was afraid of the desire deep within him to consummate his relationship with Gertrude, which he knows that his father would definitely not approve of. This shows the conflict between his own complex and his respect for his father: The cause of his delay of action throughout the entire play. The time when Hamlet finally acts and murders King Claudius is when Gertrude, after drinking poisoned wine that had been intended for Hamlet, was dying and realized that Claudius had done. Despite his contempt for Claudius and respect for his father, Hamlet had always been hesitant to murder the King because deep inside, he was more desperate for his mother’s approval than he was his father’s. As these instances show, Hamlet had a deep love for his mother, Gertrude, on platonic, maternal, and sexual level. It was Hamlet’s own Oedipus Complex, the neurosis that turned maternal love into a silent competition with his own father for her complete love, that kept him for so long from murdering Claudius to avenge his father. It seems as if Shakespeare knew enough about the workings of the human mind to discover the â€Å"Oedipus theory† long before Sigmund Freud or the science of psychology itself even existed. How to cite Hamlet and the Oedipus Complex, Papers

Management Accounting for Business

Questions: 1. Discuss the importance of management accounting for your selected organisation and differentiate between management accounting and financial accounting.2. Evaluate different classifications of costs (types, behaviour, function and relevance) with examples.3. Explain the meaning of variance analysis and discuss the most commonly derived variances, outlining the problems and limitations.4. Identify different operational budgets and explain the advantages of preparing different operational budgets. Answers: Introduction Management accounting is a part of accounting but this particular section deals with the accounting related to the management (Bhattacharyya, 2011). Therefore, management accounting is the systematic process of developing management reports and accounts, which represent the statistical and financial information of an organization in a simple and precise manner (Bhimani, 2012). The main aim of this report is to improve operating efficiency of Jaguar Land Rover Automotive Plc, the manufacturing company of the UK by controlling cost and improving profitability. 1. Management Accounting Importance of Management Accounting Within the organization Jaguar Land Rover Automotive Plc, management accounting is an important factor because the particular company is having a complex business as it deals with automotive designing, development, manufacturing and sales of the vehicles. Therefore, systematic management planning is required for the company. Management accounting helps to gather systematic information to assist the managerial investigation, evaluation and verification of the functions of each division in order to take decision and to accomplish the goals of the particular company (Groot and Selto, 2013). Management accounting also helps the managers of the company to accomplish corporate objectives. The other reasons for practicing management accounting within the organization Jaguar Land Rover Automotive Plc are it helps to recognize the financial condition of the company and also reports for directing, controlling, motivating, planning and performance evaluation. Differentiation between Financial Accounting and Management Accounting The management accounting and financial accounting both are the part of accounting but serves for different purposes. Management accounting presents the internal data of an organization, whereas, financial accounting is for external purpose that is for the stakeholders of the company. Financial accounting is a precise factor but is adhered to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and plays important role for potential and current investors. On the other hand, management accounting is based on estimate or guess as exact data remain unavailable to the managers during the time of decision making and this type of accounting also helps managers to make future and current financial decisions (Epstein and Lee, 2015). 2. Classification of Costs Based on Types On the basis of types, the costs can be mainly classified into direct cost and indirect cost. The cost that is directly related to the production of goods and/ or service is called direct cost. For example, labor cost, material cost, expense and distribution cost as all these costs are associated with production. On the other hand, indirect costs are the costs that are not directly related with the production of goods and/ or services and this cost cannot be easily identified for a particular product, activity, department and project (Drury, 2012). For example, the company Jaguar Land Rover Automotive Plc has manufacturing area, where the cars are manufactured. The electricity that is used to power the entire manufacturing area is considered as indirect cost. Based on Behavior On the basis of the behavior, the costs can be classified in to fixed cost, variable cost and semi-variable cost. The fixed cost does not vary with the numbers of goods produced and is associated with cost accounting. For instance, Jaguar Land Rover Automotive Plc leases a machine for manufacturing cars and it has to pay $3000 per month with the aim to cover the lease cost. This lease payment is considered as fixed cost. Similarly the cost that depends on the quantity of production is termed as variable cost. Therefore, when the production of Jaguar Land Rover Automotive Plc increases, the variable cost also increases and vice-versa. For example, cost incurred for designing cars is a variable cost as this cost increases with the increased production of cars and vice-versa (Horngren, 2011). Lastly, semi-variable costs are the costs that lie between the fixed costs and variable costs. For example, the electricity company charges $300 per month for electricity service and then it charge s $0.015 per kilowatt. Thus, the cost of electricity bill is a semi-variable cost. Based on Function On the basis of function, cost is of four types production, administration, selling and distribution, RD. The cost that is related to production is production cost, like cost of production of cars. The office expenses, warehouse expenses and other costs related to regulation of the business is termed as administration costs (Horngren and Horngren, 2012). The costs like advertising, sampling (test drive) that are related with the selling of the products (cars) are termed as selling and distribution expenses. Jaguar Land Rover Automotive Plc researches to develop new type of cars of various models. The costs incurred for this is termed as RD costs. Based on Relevance On the basis of relevance, the costs are of three types - avoidable costs, opportunity costs and incremental cost. The costs that be avoided with the refusal of the implementation of the particular decision are called avoidable costs. For example, the company might decide to open another plant for manufacturing, if this decision is not implemented in real then all the costs associated with buying plot, construction of plant can be avoided. Opportunity cost is the expense that one can incur for one purpose only or for the next best alternative and that cannot be invested in other project. Incremental cost is the expense where various alternatives are considered. 3. Variance Analysis Meaning of Variance Analysis Variance analysis is defined as a quantitative investigation of difference between the planned behavior and the actual behavior (Eldenburg, 2011). This particular analysis is used to control and maintain the business. It can easily be explained by an example the budget for sales of cars is $20000 and lastly it seems that the actual sales of cars took place is $18000. Therefore, the variance is $2000. The variance analysis is primarily effective at the time of review of the variance amount as per a trend line such that the changes in the level of variance from one moth to another are readily apparent. Variance analysis also includes the investigation of the differences of these, whose outcome is the difference from expectation. Types of Variance Analysis There are various types of variance analysis, but the most commonly derived variances that are generally used in all businesses including in the manufacturing companies like Jaguar Land Rover Automotive Plc, are material variances, variable overhead variances, and labor variances and fixed overhead variances (Jaguarlandrover.com, 2016). Material cost variance is defined as the differentiation that takes place between the cost of direct materials that is considered as the standard and are specified for the achieved output and the real cost of the materials that are considered as direct. The material cost variance (MCV) is determined from the differences between quantities of material allowed and the quantities consumed for the production (Drury, 2012). It is the differentiation between predetermined and the actually paid prices. Mathematically, the material cost variance is represented as: MCV = (SQ x SP) (AQ x AP) Where, AQ represents Actual Quantity, AP represents Actual Price, SQ represents Standard Quantity for the actual output and lastly, SP signifies Standard Price. Materials Price Variance (MPV) represents the difference between the price at which the raw materials are purchased and the raw materials average price. It is mathematically represented as: MPV = (Standard Price Actual Price) x Actual Quantity It is considered as unfavorable at the time when definite price paid for raw materials exceeds predestined standard price. This is used for calculation during the purchasing of materials rather than during the use of the materials. MPV helps in corrective action and performance management (Horngren et al., 2012). The material quantity variance (MQV) is the definite quantities of materials which are utilized in production of goods and vary from standard magnitude. It is mathematically represented as: MQV = (SQ for actual output AQ) x Standard Price It is considered to be favorable when the use of definite magnitude of direct raw materials is lower than standard magnitude. The material mix variance (MMV) occurs at the time during which raw materials are not used in producing products used in the standard formula of accounting (Young, 2012). It is mathematically represented as: MMV = (Revised Standard Quantity AQ) x Standard Price Labor cost variance (LCV) identifies the differentiation that takes place between the standard direct wages and the real direct wages paid specially for the output received. Mathematically, it is represents as: LCV = (SH x SR) (AH x AR) Labor rate variance (LRV) is the differentiation of the actual fee that is paid to labor and the specified standard price of labor. It is mathematically represented as: LRV = (Standard Wage Rate Actual Rate) x Actual Time This is considered as unfavorable at the time during which actual rate of wage paid go above the prearranged standard fee of wage. Labor efficiency variance (LEV) is defined as the time taken relative to the specified standard time for work performance (Horngren et al., 2012). It is mathematically represented as: LEV = (SH for actual output AH) x Standard Rate. It is considered to be favorable at the time during which real hours are relatively lower than allowed average hours. Thirdly, Variable Overhead Variances is the differentiation that takes place between the real variable overhead that incurred and that variable overhead that is considered as the standard. It is mathematically represented as: Variable OH Cost Variance = Standard Variable OH on actual production Actual variable OH Lastly, the differentiation that takes place between the absorbed or recovered average overhead for definite productivity and fixed overhead that is actual is termed as Fixed Overhead Cost Variance. It is mathematically represented as: Fixed OH Cost Variance = (Recovered or absorbed Fixed OH) (Actual Fixed OH) Problems and Limitations of using Variance Analysis The main problems of using variance analysis by the company are: Firstly, the variance analysis is a time consuming factor as this analysis needs a one month time. However, the management requires the information much faster for decision making, thus this type of analysis is generally avoided by the managers (Epstein and Lee, 2011). Secondly, the reasons for variances cannot be identified from accounting records (Drury, 2013). Thus, the managers have to search for information in bills of materials, overtime records. This extra work is cost-effective. Lastly, as variance analysis is a comparison of arbitrary and actual results, the resulting variance might not defer any useful information. 4. Operational Budgets Different Types of Operational Budgets Operating budget is defined as a statement that represents the financial plan of an organization during period of budget and reflects the operating activities of the business that is expenses and revenues. The types of operational budgets are revenue, expense and profit budgets. Expense budget represents the expected expenses at the time of budget period (Seal et al., 2012). In this type of budget, three types of expenses are evaluated; these are fixed, discretionary and variable expenses. Revenue budget determines the revenue required by the firm and it also projects the amount of future sales. Profit budget is the combination of both revenue and expense budgets into a single statement that indicates the net and gross profits. Advantages of Preparing Different Operational Budgets The primary advantages of preparing various kinds of operational budgets are firstly, the different types of budgets help the managers to keep a track of record of total expenses, total revenue and the profit earned by the company. Secondly, the different types of operational budgets help to establish financial accountability and reduce the probability of losing the aim of the organization (John Y. Lee., 2012). These budgets help the managers to take decision as all the data are readily available. Thirdly, confusion reduces and the accounting becomes more transparent and simple. Lastly, the future expenses of the organization can also be projected easily and thus helps in decision making. Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that, in every organization including Jaguar Land Rover Automotive Plc, management accounting is applied in order to collect systematic information of the organization. This assists the managerial investigation, evaluation and verification of the functions of each division in order to take decision and to accomplish the goals of the particular company. Depending on the industry to which a particular company belongs to, the various types of costs and variance analysis are applied in order to make the operation of the company easier. Recommendation Thus, it can be recommended that the company should employ management accountant in order to make the operations of the company easier. It is not necessary to implement all the types of variances in an organization. For instance, it can be recommended that the organization Jaguar Land Rover Automotive Plc, should implement the purchase price variance as the particular company belongs to the manufacturing industry and this specified company is in a highly competitive market. Similarly, it is not necessary to implement all types of costs within the organization; rather based on the operations of the organization the costs should be calculated. References Bhattacharyya, D. (2011).Management accounting. Noida, India: Pearson. Bhimani, A. (2012).Management and cost accounting. Harlow, England: Financial Times/Prentice Hall. Drury, C. (2012).Management and cost accounting. Andover: Cengage Learning. Drury, C. (2013).Management accounting for business. Andover: Cengage Learning. Eldenburg, L. (2011).Management accounting. Milton, Qld.: John Wiley Sons. Epstein, M. and Lee, J. (2011).Advances in management accounting. Bingley, UK: Emerald. Epstein, M. and Lee, J. (2015).Advances in management accounting. Bingley, U.K.: Emerald. Groot, T. and Selto, F. (2013).Advanced management accounting. Harlow, England: Pearson. Horngren, C. (2011).Introduction to management accounting. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Horngren, C. and Horngren, C. (2012).Management accounting. Toronto: Pearson Canada. Horngren, C., Datar, S. and Rajan, M. (2012).Cost accounting. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Horngren, C., Harrison, W. and Oliver, M. (2012).Accounting. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Jaguarlandrover.com. (2016).English | Jaguar Land Rover Corporate Website. [online] Available at: https://www.jaguarlandrover.com [Accessed 30 Mar. 2016]. John Y. Lee., (2012).Advances in Management Accounting. Emerald Group Pub. Seal, W., Garrison, R. and Noreen, E. (2012).Management accounting. London: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Young, S. (2012).Readings in management accounting. Boston: Prentice Hall.

The Effects of Computers to the Students Essay Example

The Effects of Computers to the Students Essay TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter I Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Importance of the Problem . . . . . . . . . . 2 Statement of the problem . . . . . . . . . . 3 Hypothesis . . . . . . . . . . 4 Scope and Delimitation of the study . . . . . . . . . . 5 Definition of terms. . . . . . . . . . 6 Chapter II Review of Related Literature Chapter III Research Mythology Sources of Data Chapter IV Introduction, Analysis, Interpretation of Data Tabulation Chapter V Conclusion and recommendation Sample Questionnaire ABSTRACT This Paper Reviews Aims to introduce computer games and what This topic is all about. For parents, teachers and specially students who is Graduating to understand the reality effect of this in our daily life and to our Studies. There’s a review being conducted based on some sub question From a certain respondent and observation to determined the amount of Population being involved on computer games that will give us figure of 60-70 percent of the totally population in specific area of Habay bacoor has Been into computer games and some of them get engaged or addicted on it Those person can’t live a day without playing that certain games. We will write a custom essay sample on The Effects of Computers to the Students specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Effects of Computers to the Students specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Effects of Computers to the Students specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In this Studies show as well the negative and positive side of this topic will Help us to know. Negative of this love games more than anything else, Like study forget about family, being so much engaged that end into a not So much good result. On the other hand of positive is giving more Information that will be really helpful in hand of knowledge. CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Computer games in the information systems industry account for over seven billion dollars in sales in 2003 and are a pivotal component in driving both the software and hardware portions of the industry. Entertainment Software Association, 2003). Computer games are quickly taking a chuck of total dollars in the entertainment industry and some say will emerge with Hollywood to create a more interactive entertaining experience for the consumer. In this paper we will be discussion some brief history of games, how they are currently being developed in regards to software, where games are heading in the future, and how the y currently are being used today in other aspects of life. A History of Games The beginning According to many sources, the idea of the video game came about between 1949 and 951, From Space war to Tournament The history of computer games mistakenly termed videogames probably started in 1962. The early programmers and game designers came up with ideas which have been taken over by the industry and have nowadays become cultural stereotypes. Game types like combat games, strategy, simulation or dungeons and dragons were early 60ies inventions but they are still alive today and probably more vital than ever. Having a look at the old predecessors of todays Play station and Dreamcast games might explain why certain stereotypes are so persistent. Comparing early games with todays programmers also shows the technological progress achieved during the last 4 decades. It seems that the gaming industry and game technology nowadays challenges the complete computer industry in becoming the key industrial branch. Also check the webpages referring to computer games and computer games development: A Short Survey on the History of Computer Games Autumn 1961 Â   Â   Â   Digital Equipment Corp. delivers a PDP-1 computer to the MIT in Cambridge, Mass. This was the first computer equipped with a cathode ray tube monitor and a keyboard. DEC expected the MIT scientists to develop scientific programmes with the machine they donated, yet two scientists programmed an application which is said to have been the first computer game ever. 1962 Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Stephen Russell, Peter Samson, Dan Edwards, and Martin Grates realized SPACEWAR, a shoot-up game with animated spaceship icons on a black and white monitor. Two users could shoot the other players spaceships in IMPORTANT OF THE STUDY Computer games is have a good benefits and effect to the Benefits of Computer Games Recently, in this modern world that we live in, through the course of the improvement of echnology, computer games became very popular among the youth. Whether we like it or not, computer games greatly influences our society today. Computer games become a part of peoples lives. Almost everyone has been exposed to some kind of computer game – be it role playing games, puzzle games, action games played on a console, a personal computer, or a h andheld device. Because of this sudden interest in computer games, concerns about its effects, may it be positive or negative, arise. Being in a modern world, we naturally question these things. Is it a safe practice to play these games? Will it bring any good? Although many people think that it is unhealthy to play computer games, I believe that, in moderation, computer games can be beneficial in many ways such as in leisure and experience, learning, as well as improving our cognitive, logical, and managerial skills. First of all, video games can be considered as naturally alluring because of its aesthetic images and the realistic experiences that comes with it. As Poole said, video games, especially in these modern times, have very detailed audio-visual effects, usually presenting a simulated fantasy orld that appears to be close to reality (qtd. in Mitchel and Savill-Smith 17). Truly, computer games improved visually and became more realistic these past few years. These fantasy worlds are commonly found in simulation games, which is very useful for learning because it allows players to experience things that might be impossible or too expensive (Mitchell and Seville-Smith 20). Because of this, video games can be l iberating by allowing people to do things they cannot normally do. Effects of Computer Games Experts fear computer consoles such as the Nintendo Way harm child development Children should be banned from playing computer games until the age of seven because the technology is rewiring their brains, it is claimed. Bombardment of the senses with fast-pace action games is said to be causing a shortening of attention span, harming the ability to learn. The concerns emerged as technology industry experts gathered at a special summit discussing the development of children, held yesterday at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas. Educational psychologist Jane Healy said research indicated that computer games fuelled he development of basic flight or fight instincts rather than considered reasoning. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM A. Reasons for undertaking Research. It is known that we are living in technological era. The computers became irreplaceable tool in everyday life of almost each person. The adult users generally use it for business purposes while youngsters for computer games. Computers became the part of our life and very important component in many sp heres of modern life. So it is somehow influences on people. One of the spheres of the life is leisure. And nowadays majority of young people pend their leisure playing computer games, surfing through the internet. Computer games have become one of the favorite time-spending of young people all ages, and even some adults. With permanent development of computer technology the quantity of people using computer either for working purposes or entertainment purposes is increasing speedily. One of the reasons of acquiring computers and computer games by busy parents for their children is providing playing leisure for them. But some parents don’t realize that computer games not only develop child’s mind, logic (what is positive influence) but has negative affects. Computer games industry is evaluated in two ways. On the one hand it is associated with admiration of computers abilities, on the other hand with dangerous influence on teenagers’ psychology and health. HYPOTHESIS In my opinion Computer games grows aggressively and somehow Good for some of people but Sometimes not good for some because if were looking on the Negative side of this topic it will be So addicting for some that will be really negative if you consider Our self / your self to be addiction This on the brighter side of this topic computer games can be Helpful and educational if you know ow to select the right computer games that you know it can help You there’s a lot of educational Games that has been established by a lot wonderful people who Really wants to make computer games Games a worth do can give pleasure and at the same time can Educate you somehow. SCOPE AND DELIMITION OF THE STUDY This study is directly for young individuals especially students like Us who has the priority too study extensively to finish our studies And yet getting pleasure from playing computer games especially On our lazy days specifically weekends. Most of us now days Knows a lot of computer games and we often play specifically In front of a computer, most of us have their computers at home But some of us don’t so it’s a tend to play outside what we usually Call it a computer shop admit it or not relieve us from some stress That we got from a 5 days studies of different subject 8 hours a day And doing homework and project as well I take day of observation On our own computer shop and most of our clients us really Spending a lot of time for games specially male client. CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE This chapter discuss the result of the review of the prevents Literatures that has been written regarding the impact of computer games in graduating students. Various observation and theoretical activities has been done for this review which will be related to the main research of the topic. The Purpose of this review is for us to discover the conclusions were of prior to some effects of computer games to specific students. That falls on teenagers and adolescent category CHAPTER III RESEARCH AND METHOLOGY SOURCE OF DATA In this study I used my very own source in doing my research for my parents Have a computer shop where in can do my observation and ask some few Question with out regular clients which will be really helpful in making Helpful making this study and I also visit some other computer shop to also Observe population composition of that computer shop that visited and I can Say that we have the same population Males are most fond on computer Games there also females but it doesn’t reach to the count of males who Are really into computer games. And I also conduct a little survey to some Unrelated individuals make this study a worth to discuss and be realized By most of us specially were students in this way that did we can specially Determined the effects of computer games us where if it’s Negative or Positive CHAPTER IV INTRODUCTION, ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION OF DATA TABULATION INTRODUCTION The research finding on computer games will discussed in the research Conclusion And recommendation for future research will also discussed In this section out of 40 male respondents, 80% ( 20 respondent) use the Computer for more 20 hours a week ( more than 4 hours per day ) this Percentage bigger compared to those who use the computer for least 2 hours Per day ( 15% of the respondents ) and at least 3 hours per day (30% of pic] Blue 80% more than 20 hrs Red 20% 7 hrs- 20 White 1 hrs – 7 hrs COMPUTER GAMES All The respondents use the computer for computer games . the Following Graph show the respondent distribution based on the hours The speed on using computer for games Graph 2. distribution of respondent on the computer use For games per week [pic] Blue 1 hrs – 7 Red 7 hrs – 14 hrs White more th an 20 hrs Now the larger faction of the respondents are inclined to Computer games and spend more than 20 hours of computer use per week ANALYSIS The research was conducted form two computer shop here Is bacoor under observation from those 2 different computer shop 60 to 70 % of the total population of those computer shop were Studies probably from school and most of them were males on the Same age as I have or earlier age [pic] Red 75 % Blue 60% CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION CONCLUSION Learners are among individual specifically graduating students Youngsters or teenagers who play computer games mostly on a daily Basis. This shows that the impact of computer games becomes more board Base on the studies and observation been conducted where in revealed Who are the most computer players how long do they speed to play Computer games the effect. In this study it also highlight the impact of the Computer game in life of each individual involved in this study RECOMMENDATION FOR FUTURE STUDY / RESEARCH This study been researched by means of question and observation For this topic. This research has has been limited in bacoor area (Habay) you Can also do further research and observation by visiting some other place and See if they also have the same situation. I recommend to the same Methology that I did for more effective realization of the topic

Indian Newspaper Industry

Indian Newspaper Industry Free Online Research Papers India is one of the few countries in the world to have many business newspapers, which not only reflects the vitality and vibrancy of the media, but also the new vitality of our economy. The large readership for these business newspapers transcends from the rapidly growing corporate sector, it also illustrates the growing interest that the general public now evinces in economic matters which reflect the growing importance of business and economy in our national discourse. There was a huge growth in the sales of the business newspapers for the past few years. According to the recent study by Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI), this growth would outperform the general economy each year till 2011. The Indian print media industry netted $90.80 million in foreign investment in the last three years, few papers like Business standard have tied up with Financial Times of London. Business newspapers have the ability to carry the message in greater detail and clarity, more in-depth information and analysis, which helps companies and their business. Business newspapers are re-inventing themselves to protect their turf in a fiercely competitive multi-media environment. They are using different strategies to attract the customers of different sectors. Business newspapers focused mainly on business news, insightful views on significant issues and comprehensive coverage of the stock market. They have managed to hold the attention and fidelity of more than 9, 00,000 readers (both individual and corporate across the nation). All the business newspapers in India (Economic Times, Business Standard, Financial Times, Business Line, Mint and Financial Chronicle) are working strategically to increase their sales. This Summer Internship Program is also designed with a view to study about the market regarding the personal sale of the Business Standard products and also looking for subscriptions and promoting the product and also creating awareness about business newspapers among different sectors. The aim is to create an in-depth awareness of the brand Business Standard among the various segments of readers, in comparison to other business dailies like Economic Times, Business Line and Financial Times. There is a huge scope of growth for Business newspapers in coming years as only a paltry 0.1% of the population is reading business newspapers at present. Newspapers reach only 35 per cent of our adult population even though the adult literacy is about 65 per cent. To build this gap between readership and literacy and also to remain competitive the publications have kept their prices low and depended entirely on advertisers to subsidize the reader and to increase the sales. Introduction How did the Newspapers originate? The history of newspapers is a dramatic chapter of the human experience going back some five centuries. In Renaissance Europe handwritten newsletters circulated privately among merchants, passing along information about everything from wars and economic conditions to social customs and human interest features. The first printed forerunners of the newspaper appeared in Germany in the late 1400s in the form of news pamphlets or broadsides, often highly sensationalized in content. Some of the most famous of these report the atrocities against Germans in Transylvania perpetrated by a sadistic veovod named Vlad Tsepes Drakul, who became the Count Dracula of later folklore. In the English-speaking world, the earliest predecessors of the newspaper were corantos, small news pamphlets produced only when some event worthy of notice occurred. The first successively published title was The Weekly News of 1622. It was followed in the 1640s and 1650s by a plethora of different titles in the similar news book format. The first true newspaper in English was the London Gazette of 1666. For a generation it was the only officially sanctioned newspaper, though many periodical titles were in print by the centurys end. Asia’s role in the Newspaper industry Worldwide newspaper sales edged up by more than two percent in 2007 while advertising revenue recorded significant gains, according to the World Association of Newspapers. In its report on trends in the newspaper industry, the WAN said nearly 515 million copies of newspapers were sold daily in 2007 and read by an estimated more than one billion people worldwide. China, India and Japan were the worlds biggest newspaper markets in 2007 and China overtook Japan as the country with the highest number of publications in the world. Three-quarters of the worlds 100 best selling daily newspapers were now published in Asia where sales were up 4.1 percent for the year. The figures from WANs annual survey of press trends, were released to more than 1,300 publishers, editors and other senior newspaper executives from 81 countries attending the World Newspaper Congress and the World Editors Forum, Asias biggest ever media gathering. Worldwide newspaper circulation grew 2.1 percent, the number of daily titles was up two percent and advertising revenue rose 5.3 percent, its biggest jump in four years, the WAN report said. It has been an extraordinarily positive 12 months for the global newspaper industry, said Timothy Balding, director general of the Paris-based WAN. Newspapers are clearly undergoing a renaissance through new products, new formats, new titles, new editorial approaches, better distribution and better marketing. Indian Newspaper Industry The Indian Newspaper industry can be primarily segmented across two categories viz English Newspapers and Regional / Vernacular Newspapers. The English medium dominates the industry in terms of advertisement revenues, though vernacular newspapers outperform the English newspapers in circulation. English newspaper industry in India has been fragmented with the players having a regional focus such as the Deccan Chronicle in Hyderabad, Hindustan Times in Delhi, Times of India in Mumbai, Hindu in Chennai, Telegraph and Statesman in Kolkata, Deccan Herald in Bangalore, Gujarat Samachar in Ahmedabad. However, the industry is witnessing a trend whereby players are looking beyond their home territories viz. Times of India’s and Business Standard’s entry into certain newer territories and Deccan Chronicle and Hindustan Times also doing the same. The competitive landscape has now drastically changed with major publishers trying to expand to other geographic regions, initiating price wars and marketing campaigns to win readers. The competitive intensity, which was quite â€Å"mild† until few years ago, also reached a higher level with the launch of DNA and Hindustan Times in the Mumbai market. A booming economy and the opportunity to raise funds from a well-developed financial market have also contributed to the growth of the newspaper industry in India. Indian newspaper industry had a turnover of Rs 13,500 crore in 2006. It is expected to touch Rs 15,500 crore. The size of media industry in India as a portion of the GDP is estimated at 0.7%, which is lower than most of the developed and developing nations. Thus it offers a scope of high growth in this industry moving forward. Advertising expenditure to GDP reveals that advertisement expenditure to GDP ratio in India is 0.4%. With rising income and education level in India, readership is expected to rise and with favorable demographics, advertising revenues will increase as advertisers start spending more to attract higher quality audience with more purchasing power. Newspaper publication is usually issued on a daily or weekly basis, the main function of which is to report news. Many newspapers also furnish special information to readers, such as weather reports, television schedules, and listings of stock prices. They provide commentary on politics, economics, and arts and culture, and sometimes include entertainment features, such as comics and crossword puzzles. In nearly all cases and in varying degrees, newspapers depend on commercial advertising for their income. Present scenario is that by the time, they see a newspaper, most people have already learned about breaking news stories on television or radio. Readers rely on newspapers to provide detailed background information and analysis, which television and radio newscasts rarely offer. Newspapers not only inform readers that an event happened but also help readers understand what led up to the event and how it will affect the world around them. The staff of a large newspaper works under the constant pressure of deadlines to bring news to readers as quickly as human energy and technological devices permit. Reporters, photographers, artists, and editors compile articles and graphics- sometimes in just a few hours. Page designers assemble articles, photos, illustrations, advertisements, and eye-catching headlines into page layouts, and then rush their work to the printer. Newspapers as known today are complete with advertising and a mixture of political, economic, and social news and commentary. Business news papers in India Publication of Business newspapers started in India by the launch of Economic Times on 5th march 1961. It has traditionally been the essential reference document on Indian business, polity, economy and finance. Its focus on the managerial component and evolving business in India and abroad makes it the favorite amongst intellectuals, managers as well as students and researchers, having recorded a staggering growth of 150% over the past few years. The Economic Times has emerged as the most widely circulated economic and business daily in the country and among the top three English financial dailies in the world. Business Standard was started in 1975 by the Ananda Bazaar group in what was then Calcutta, the paper was hived off as a separate company in 1996, and then bought by Mumbai-based financial investors, after which it began a phase of rapid expansion with the launch of new editions. The Financial Times of London took an equity stake in BSL in 2004. Business Line or The Hindu Business Line is an Indian business newspaper published by Kasturi and Sons, publishers of the The Hindu newspaper. Business Line started publishing in 1994. It is Indias youngest business newspaper and also the countrys second largest selling, with a circulation of one lakh copies, next to the Economic Times. Financial Times entered into the market after Business Line, so did the Hindustan Times, Mint and Financial Chronicle which is the youngest of the lot. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY: To find out the attributes which are considered important by the customers while purchasing a business newspaper? To study the growth of Business newspapers To increase the sales of Business Standard newspaper. To find the awareness level of business newspapers among the respondents To find out the perception of customers towards various Business newspapers they are reading To find out the attributes which they like in Business standard newspaper. Concepts/models introduced in the study Market Research 1. Research: Qualitative and Quantitative 2. Data: i. Primary Data ii. Secondary Data: Through personal interaction, mails 3. Research Approach: Survey method 4. Research Instrument: Questionnaire 5. Type of Questionnaire: Structured 6. Type of Questions: Close-ended and open-ended questions Questionnaire was prepared on the basis of Likert scale. Likert scale is a type of attitude scales. Likert’s summated scale Summated scales are developed by using the item analysis approach. Here a particular item is evaluated on the basis of how well it discriminates between persons whose total scores are high and those whose scores are low. Items or statements that best pass this sort of discrimination test are included in the final instrument. The summated scale was developed by R.Likert and is frequently used in the study of social attitudes and other social sciences research. In this scale, the respondent indicates several degrees of agreement or disagreement with each item that constitutes the scale instead of indicating his agreement with only a few items. Each response is given a numerical score based on a scale of five or seven points- indicating his degree of agreement or disagreement. Likert type five point scale Strongly agree (5) Agree (4) Undecided (3) Disagree (2) Strongly disagree (1) The points mentioned in the brackets are the scores against each opinion. The response indicating the least favorable degree of job satisfaction is given the lowest score (say 1), while the most favorable response is given the highest score (say 5). Advantages of Likert-type scale 1) It is relatively easy to construct the Likert-type scale compared to the remaining scales because it can be done without a panel of judges. 2) The Likert scale is considered more reliable because each statement of the respondent is included in the instrument. 3) Each statement is given an empirical test for discriminating ability and as such the Likert-type scale permits the use of statements that are not manifestly related to the attitude being studied. 4) The Likert-type scale can easily be used in respondent-centered and stimulus centered studies, i.e., we can study how responses differ between people and between stimuli through it. 5) It takes much less time to construct the Likert-type scale and is frequently used by students of opinion research. Limitations of a Likert scale 1) In this scale we can only examine whether respondents are more or less favorable to a topic, we cannot tell how much more or less favorable they are. The interval between strongly agree and agree may not be equal to the interval between agree and undecided. 2) The total score of individual respondents has little clear meaning since a given total score can be secured by a variety of answer patterns. Sales Direct selling is the marketing of products or services to consumers through sales tactics including presentations, demonstrations, and phone calls. It is sometimes also considered to be a sale that does not utilize a middle man such as at retail outlets, distributors or brokers. This is needed where the product’s value, like in Insurance, needs more explanation and cannot be purchased off the shelf. At its best, direct selling can be an opportunity for individuals to find fulfillment, express their entrepreneurial talents and gain financial independence. Please note that direct selling involves people and is a part of direct marketing which additionally involves the use of media, print etc. ORGANIZATION PROFILE Business Standard is the countrys most respected business daily, being the first choice of serious business readers, launched in 1975 in Kolkata and today is printed in 10 centers. It is published in colour from ten centers in India Mumbai (formerly Bombay), New Delhi, Kolkata (formerly Calcutta), Bangalore, and Chennai (formerly Madras), Ahmedabad, Hyderabad, Chandigarh, Kochi and Pune. Around 100,000 copies of Business Standard are being sold every day across the country. This is the most respected business publication with business organizations ranking BS as the most professional company to deal with. Business coverage from more than 35 towns across India and more than 100 reporters and dozens of feature writers are involved. The newspaper believes in free, fair and independent journalism and strives to inculcate these values in its editorial staff. The journalism practiced by Business Standard lays equal stress on quality, credibility and accuracy. The Financial Times of London has taken an equity stake in BSL. This is the only business newspaper to give BS 200. Top 200 companies are evaluated across 22 key parameters. These form 90% of the trading on the exchanges. Moreover, this is the only paper to give detailed analysis on money markets. Business Standard has the countrys best economic journalists and columnists working for it. T.N. Ninan, perhaps India’s best-known business journalist, who had earlier undertaken a complete and highly successful revamp of The Economic Times and was responsible for its phenomenal growth, edits it. Among the other senior journalists in the team are A.K.Bhattacharya, former editor of The Pioneer and associate editor of The Economic Times, and Shyamal Majumdar, former resident editor of The Financial Express. Business Standard’s stable of specialist contributors includes some of the sharpest minds in economics and business. Among them: Shankar Acharya, former chief economic advisor, government of India, Subir Gokarn, chief economist, Crisil, Deepak Lal, professor of economics, UCLA, Bibek Debroy, director, Rajiv Gandhi Institute for Contemporary Studies, Suman Bery, director-general, National Council of Applied Economic Research, Alexander Nicoll, assistant director, International Institute for Strategic Studies, and Arvind Singhal, chairman, KSA Technopak. The newspaper’s columnists include Surjit Bhalla, TCA Srinivasa-Raghavan, Sunil Jain and AV Rajwade. Apart from a business newspaper, BSL publishes several periodicals, including BS Motoring, Indian Management, and Routes: the Gateway Magazine (a lifestyle magazine). The company sees content creation, content processing and content management as its core competence. It offers complete outsourcing solutions for organizations, which want to bring out in-house or private publications but lack the people and/or resources to do it cost-effectively. The web properties of BSL, including the online edition of Business Standard, include business-standard.com and bsmotoring.com. At business-standard.com, you have access to one of the best repositories of Indian and global business news. Apart from the flagship publication, the website also features content from The Smart Investor (weekly), The Strategist (Weekly), Indian Management (Monthly), BS Motoring (monthly) and Routes: Open sky (monthly). ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE PRODUCT PROFILE Business Standard is the countrys most respected business daily, being the first choice of serious business readers. The newspaper believes in free, fair and independent journalism and strives to inculcate these values in its editorial staff. The journalism practiced by Business Standard lays equal stress on quality, credibility and accuracy. 1 First page consist of the headlines, news of the last day. On the top of the page, there is a line, which indicates the volume number, publishing centers from where this newspaper is being printed. 2 Below that line there is the header â€Å"Business Standard† in association with Financial Times of London. 3 On left side of the whole page there are certain columns like In Brief, Market watch and opinion poll. 4 On the bottom right corner of the page there is a sole add generally. 5 Second and third pages consist of the news related to the Economy. 6 There is a separate page for International news and State news. 7 Tenth and Eleventh page generally consist of Issues Insights and Opinion respectively. Next is the back page. 8 After back page, a different section called Money and Markets comes which contains all the news related to currency, daily stock market fluctuation and also about the commodity market. This section is completely made for money and markets only, to give the detailed news of each and every factor. 9 After this section a different supplement comes named Accent South.(This name varies city to city like in Mumbai and Gujarat it is named as Accent West) 10 Apart from the daily newspaper, some supplement comes along with the newspaper, Supplements like Smart Investor (weekly), The Strategist (weekly), and Weekender. 11 On every first Friday of the month, one magazine named â€Å"Open Sky† comes which gives complete information about aviation industries. 12 Some annual magazines are also provided with the newspaper which are distributed free of cost along with the newspaper to the customer. The details related to magazines are as below: Value add-ons for readers†¦ ? Weekly supplements 1. Smart Investor (Monday)- serves as an investment guide 2. Strategist (Tuesday) – covers issues around management marketing 3. Weekend (Saturday) – feature on lifestyle, personalities and also has a page devoted to Motoring. ? Business Standard is the only Business newspaper which gives 2 magazines free every month. 1. Motoring A complete Car Bike magazine. 2. Open Sky magazine that gives 360 perspectives on aviation. More value ads†¦ ? Annual’s 1. The Fund Manager Covers the high points and performances of Mutual Funds. 2. The Billionaire Club – Listing of India’s richest businessmen and executives. 3. Banking Annual – Performances of the banking sector. 4. BS 1000 – A guide to India’s top 1000 companies 5. Spend – A bi-annual which showcases the latest fashion trends and accessories. BS-200 Business standard stock pages introduced for the first time stock calculus and rating for improving portfolio (SCRIP) on the top 200 shares ranked on the basis of the combined turnover of the Bombay stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock Exchange (NSE). These 200 stocks, ranked on a monthly basis account for 90-95 percent of the total volume of the shares, value and trade on the two bourses. Routine information on other stocks, such as the previous sessions close, the days close and volume are given separately. The SCRIP for each of the top 200 stocks has four categories of information: First, the basic information on the day’s activities. Here they give the scrip code, group, the previous close, the day’s open, high, low and close, volume of shares traded and the number of trades. Second is to lend a perspective to the days trading, they are giving the trend in price and volume. Every day stock price movements-highs/lows (3 months and 52 weeks) The Third sub set of information is on the bottom-line. How much returns have a particular stock given over 1 year. They are providing returns calculated on a point-to-point basis for 1 month and 1 year. Finally in order to assess the future of the scrip, which people may be interested in, they are giving information on its performance so far. Here they include ratios on valuation, profitability, strength, growth and efficiency. The idea is to look deeper into the source of price movements and get an understanding of why a share may be active and what is in store at the counter. In this segment, they add a new byte of information everyday to enable comprehensive assessment: On Tuesdays they will give 1) cash P/E 2) Industry P/E 3) Quarter on Quarter EPS growth. 4) EPS in the trailing twelve months. On Wednesdays, the highlight will be on quarterly earnings per share for the last four quarters and also consolidated results. On Thursdays there will be data on 1) Dividend yield % 2) Payout ratio 3) Free float 4) FII s stake On Fridays they will provide 1) Book value per share 2) Price/Book value, 3) Market capitalization 4) Return On Capital Employed (ROCE) On Saturdays they will estimate the volatility of returns using 1) Alpha 2) Beta 3) Standard deviation 4) Mean As the official news and data website of Indias second largest business daily, business-standard.com is open to proposals for partnerships in the following areas: Business Standard syndicates online content for use in websites and print publications. They are also open to content swap arrangements where complementarities exist. Business-standard.com welcomes proposals for cross-promotions on websites through appropriate use of banners and links. They are open to two-way tie-ups in appropriate areas for co-branding pages relevant to both partners. Business-standard.com is willing to partner with online auctioneers and sellers through mutually beneficial commercial arrangements. The items to be sold could vary from books to CDs, business gifts, investment advisory services, online business courses or products or services appropriate to the focus of the business-standard.com website. Methodology followed I have taken a sample size of 150 and did Face to Face research i.e. interacting with customers directly and through mail, which includes customers of different professions like 1) Bank employees 2) Insurance companies employees 3) IT professionals 4) Business men 5) Chartered accountants 6) B- school students I specifically targeted the above sectors because Business newspapers are more useful to them and they know very well about these newspapers. Hence I can get a clear perspective from them for my project. I prepared the questionnaire by keeping in mind several factors, which customers consider in purchasing Business newspapers. Factors considered while preparing the questionnaire. They are purchasing business newspaper because 1) To know about the growth of the economy. 2) Business dailies help you make your investments more strategically and smartly. 3) Recent upsurge/ fall in the stock market has generated considerable amount of interest in business dailies 4) Business newspapers are more helpful for the domestic trading people. 5) Linkages and Tie-ups with international financial newspapers increase the interest of reading business dailies. Few other questions are included in order to find out whether they want any changes in these business newspapers so that they will be helpful to them. Tabulation and Interpretations Sales of Business Standard During the 8 weeks of our project along with the market survey we were asked by the organization to do sales. They have given us a target of 25 subscriptions per month. My task was to conduct sales of pre paid subscription of Business Standard through a subsidized price scheme offered by the company. As per the scheme the pre paid customer is offered following prices for different periods. Subscription period Actual Cost Rs Offer Cost Rs Discount Rs 6 Months 474 275 199 9 Months 711 400 311 12 Months 961 525 436 24 Months 1896 1000 896 Growth of Business newspapers There was a huge growth in the Business newspapers in the past few years. The growth rate of the business newspapers in the past one-year is as follows News paper Jun-07 Dec-07 Growth rate Economic times 6,18,196 6,19,750 0.251 Business Standard 96,150 1,16,234 20.882 Business line 1,17,047 1,25,145 6.91 Financial express 27,250 30000 10.09 Economic Times has the major market share among the Business newspapers in India. As per the end of the year 2007 it is as follows Inference From the above data we can clearly say that Economic Times is leading with a market share of 70%. Where as in terms of growth, when compared with previous year, Business Standard is leading, it has increased its sales by 20% in the past 6 months. To know about the brand awareness of Business standard and what customers like in Business standard news paper, I asked the customers to rate the paper on the basis of following parameters 1) Editorial 2) News coverage 3) Annual and Monthly magazines 4) Less Price. Out of a sample size of 150 respondents 37- People said they are not having any idea about Business standard. 30- People said they liked the editorial section. 43- People said they liked the news coverage of Business standard. 22- People said they liked Annual and Monthly magazines. 18- People said because of less Price they are purchasing Business standard. You are interested in subscribing for business newspaper along with the regular newspaper Percentage Strongly agree 42 28 Agree 96 64 Disagree 12 8 Weighted average=42*1+96*2+12*4/150=1.88 Analysis Out of a total sample of 150, 96 people said they are interested in subscribing for business newspaper along with regular newspaper i.e. almost 64%. Only 8% disagreed i.e. just 12 members out of 150.42 people strongly agreed that they are interested in subscribing for a business newspaper along with the regular newspaper. Inference The above data clearly says that there is a lot of scope for the growth of business newspapers in the present conditions. Many people are interested in subscribing for business newspapers along with the regular newspaper. In recent years there was a huge growth in business newspapers. Reading a financial daily is more interesting than reading a regular newspaper. Percentage Strongly agree 24 16 Agree 66 44 Disagree 54 36 Strongly disagree 6 4 Weighted average=24*1+66*2+54*4+6*5/150=2.68 Analysis Out of a sample of 150 almost 60% people said that they are more interested in reading financial dailies than regular newspaper (44% agree+16% strongly agree) and remaining 40% said they are interested more in reading a regular newspaper. Inference People are slowly changing their attitudes towards business newspapers, this data clearly says that these days many people are subscribing for business newspaper and they are more interested in reading them when compared with regular newspapers. This may be due to several reasons, few people said that in regular newspapers they are concentrating more on unnecessary stuff than the important news and few papers have favouratism to particular groups etc. Business dailies should also include a supplement on general news Percentage Strongly agree 54 36 Agree 84 56 Disagree 12 8 Weighted average=54*1+84*2+12*4/150=1.8 Analysis Out of a sample of 150, 138 people are interested, if they include a supplement on general news in a business newspaper (56% agree + 36% strongly agree). Only 12 people said that they are not interested in reading general news in a business newspaper. Inference The above data clearly says that many people are interested in reading the regular news i.e. they said that they want only main important news of regular newspapers without having any unnecessary stuff. Few people said that if they give a supplement on general news they will buy only business newspaper. Very less number of people said that they are not interested in reading general news in Business newspaper, they said that Business newspaper means they should have only business related news. Business dailies help you to make your investment more strategically Percentage Strongly agree 66 44 Agree 48 32 Undecided 36 24 Weighted average=66*5+48*4+36*3/150=4.2 Analysis Out of a sample size of 150, 66 people i.e. 44% of people strongly agreed that Business dailies help in making their investments more strategically. 44 people agreed to the above statement where as 36 people said that they don’t know i.e. they are undecided. Inference By seeing the above data we can clearly say that Business dailies help people in making their investment more strategically i.e. more than 75% people agreed to this statement. They said that few supplements like Smart investor, few reports; analysis of the companies, analysis of Sensex helps them in taking decisions regarding their investments. Business dailies help you to track the growth of the economy Percentage Strongly agree 78 52 Agree 72 48 Weighted average=78*5+72*4/150=4.52 Analysis Out of a sample of 150, 78 people strongly agreed that Business dailies help them to track the growth of the economy and the remaining 72 people agreed to the above statement. Inference The above data clearly says that Business dailies give, up to date information about the country’s economy when compared with the regular newspapers. People are showing more interest to know about the country’s economy i.e. GDP of the country, Inflation rate how it is varying and its effects, Policies and reforms introduced by RBI etc. The attitude of people to know about the economy and its growth has changed a lot, previously they did not exhibit interest in knowing about the economy, now they are showing interest to know about the growth of the economy. Boom/ Fall in Stock market has generated considerable amount of interest in business dailies. Percentage Strongly agree 60 40 Agree 66 44 Undecided 12 8 Disagree 12 8 Weighted average=60*1+66*2+12*3+12*4/150=1.84 Analysis Out of a sample of 150, 126 people said that the boom/fall in stock market has generated considerable amount of interest in Business dailies i.e. nearly 85% people. Only 12 people said that they don’t agree with the above statement and 12 are undecided in comment about this statement. Inference These days most of the people are interested in knowing about the Stock market and its analytical reports. As most of the people, mainly IT professionals and business man are investing in stock markets they are mostly interested in purchasing business newspapers as they give detailed analysis about the stock market which will be helpful to them to have a detailed study and look through them and invest in the stock market. Few people who have not invested any money in the stock market are also interested in reading the news and reports about them to get a brief idea so that it may be useful to them if they are interested in investing in the stock market in the future. Business newspaper is more helpful for the domestic trading people. Percentage Strongly agree 24 16 Agree 66 44 Undecided 60 40 Weighted average=24*5+66*4+60*3/150=3.76 Analysis Out of a sample of 150, 90 people i.e. 60% people agreed to the above statement that Business dailies would be more helpful for the domestic trading people. Remaining 40% said that they are undecided whether it will be useful for them or not in the trading. Inference These days as many people are doing domestic trading i.e. investing in stock market through online at homes. They are not going to any capital investment companies or stock brokers regarding this trading, mainly IT professionals and Insurance company employees are doing this domestic trading and they said that Business newspapers are more helpful to them in taking decisions in trading as daily supplements in business newspapers cater specially to trading aspects. You would like to see sports news in Business dailies Percentage Agree 36 24 Undecided 18 12 Disagree 66 44 Strongly disagree 30 20 Weighted average=36*4+18*3+66*2+30*1/150=2.4 Analysis Out of a sample of 150, most of the people disagreed with the above statement that they would like to see sports news in business dailies i.e. nearly 65% people disagreed. Only 24% people agreed that they would like to see and the remaining 12% are undecided. Inference As most of the people are interested in reading Sports news in regular newspapers and few people only read sports news, I have included this question, to find out if people are interested, but, most of the people disagreed with the statement. Only few people, that too a few B-school students agreed to the idea. Many suggested that Business newspapers should not include Sports news because the uniqueness of business newspapers will be diluted by the inclusion. So it’s better not to include Sports news in Business newspapers. Conclusion: Its better not to include sports news in Business newspapers Association with International financial newspapers enhances the interest quotient in a Business daily Percentage Agree 72 48 Undecided 60 40 Disagree 18 12 Weighted average= 72*4+60*3+18*2/150=3.36 Analysis Out of a sample of 150, nearly 50% people agreed with the above statement that association with International finance newspapers enhances the interest quotient in a business daily. Only 12% people disagreed with the statement where as 40% people are undecided to comment about the statement. Inference As International financial newspapers are better than our National newspapers in all factors most of them suggested that association with them might enhance the interest quotient and the brand image of our financial newspaper. Among Indian newspapers only Business standard is associated with Financial Times of London, it has a 15% stake, which Business Standard portrays as the USP of their paper. Many of the respondents are in a dilemma whether it will be helpful in any way or not. Recommendations 1) Launching a new supplement on the IT sector can help in improving the sales of the newspaper to a great extent as during my interaction with customers, I could sense a great need for such a feature in a business newspaper. 2) Business Standard should be published on Sundays. On Sundays, Economic Times is priced high where as Business Line is available for Rs. 3. Hence, if BS can be published on Sundays, offered at a competitive price, then it can get an edge over the ET and BL. 3) Annual magazines are very popular among all the categories of the sample taken as the content is good and the information provided by those magazines is quite good. The respondents wanted these magazines to be published more frequently. 4) There are major problems with the circulation of the newspaper, which need to be addressed immediately. There are only two executives to deal with vendors across Bangalore for implementing the newspaper subscriptions. As a result, most of the customers do not receive the newspaper. The vendors are also not willing to supply the paper as the commission they receive is very low when compared to other competitive papers. 5) Business Standard should concentrate more on improving their news coverage and content analysis. Limitations of the Study 1) The data collection was difficult from few customers. 2) The study was restricted to Bangalore city market only. 3) The time period was a restriction in using a Sample size of 150. 4) In the Likert scale we can only examine whether respondents are more or less favorable to a topic; we cannot tell how much more or less favorable they are. The interval between strongly agree and agree may not be equal to the interval between Agree and undecided. 5) Tough competition from Economic Times, people are not having any idea about other Business newspapers. 6) Business standard is not having any tie-ups with the regular newspapers as other newspapers have, it is one of the drawbacks for Business standard. 7) ID cards were not given by the organization, which could have been useful at the time of sales. 8) Customers are unhappy with the policy of the company (Business Standard) as the company is not publishing any issue on Sunday. 9) The customers are somewhat dissatisfied with the delivery of the newspaper. Also the newspaper is not available everywhere when compared to its competitors. 10) It does not have its own Press and also the distribution channel is not proper. It is depending on Deccan Herald publications for distribution. Scope for future improvements There is lot of scope for the growth of Business newspapers, right now the circulation of Business newspapers in India is nearly 10 lakhs, where as the population of India is more than 100 crores. The literacy of India is more than 70% so Business newspaper organizations can adapt different strategies by targeting different customers and try to increase their sales. In India, newspapers reach only 35 per cent of our adult population even though adult literacy is about 65 per cent. To build this gap between readership and literacy and to overcome the competition, publications are keeping their prices low and depending entirely on advertisers by giving subsidies to the readers and increasing the sales. Bibliography 1) www.business-standard.com 2) www.wikipedia.org 3) www.Economictimes.com 4) www.google.com 5) www.businessline.com 6) www.auditbureau.org 7) The Hindu – newspaper. Appendices SALES FOR BUSINESS STANDARD AND ANALYSIS OF CHANGING ATTITUDES TOWARDS BUSINESS NEWSPAPERS Questionnaire is on the basis of likert scale. 1-strongly agree 2-agree 3-indifferent 4-disagree 5-strongly disagree You just need to type / write the option i.e. just number except for first question 1) Are you interested in reading business newspaper? If yes, why? Ans) 2) You are interested in subscribing for a business newspaper along with a regular daily. Ans) 3) Reading financial dailies is more interesting than reading regular newspapers. Ans) 4) Business dailies should include a supplement on general news Ans) 5) Business dailies help you make your investment more strategically and smartly Ans) 6) Business dailies help you track the growth of the economy Ans) 7) Boom in the stock market has generated considerable amount of interest in business dailies Ans) 8) Business newspapers are more helpful for the domestic trading people. Ans) 9) You would like to see sports news in financial dailies Ans) 10) Association with international financial news papers increases the interest of reading business dailies Ans) Research Papers on Indian Newspaper IndustryPETSTEL analysis of IndiaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductTwilight of the UAWRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andDefinition of Export QuotasAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaOpen Architechture a white paperIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeThe Effects of Illegal Immigration

A Good Man Is Hard To Find 2

A Good Man Is Hard To Find 2 Essay A Good Man is Hard to Find; In the short story, A Good Man is Hard to Find;, the main character is the grandmother. Flannery OConnor, the author, lets the reader find out who the grandmother is by her conversations and reactions to the other characters in the story. The grandmother is the most important character in the story because she has a main role in the stories principal action. This little old lady is the protagonist in this piece. We learn more about her from her direct conversation with the son, Bailey, her grandchildren, June Star and John Wesley, and the Misfit killer. Through these conversations, we know that she is a lady raised from a traditional background. In the story, her attitude changes more than once to accommodate the surroundings that she is in. With the data provided, we can tell that the grandmother goes from not wanting to go to Florida, to anxious to go, and in the end, I felt as if she went off the deep end. All of the sudden, the only thing she really concentrates on is Jesus and her not being killed. The action in the entire story surrounds and normally begins with something the grandmother has said or done. At the very beginning of the story, she starts off by stating that she does not want to go to Florida. She would rather go to east Tennessee and tried anything she could to change Baileys mind (Page 426). Later in the story, as they began the trip to Florida, the grandmother talked the entire time. She would tell stories of her youth to the grandchildren and lecture them about being more respectful to their native state, and to their parents. Although the grandmother is the protagonist, it is her fault that the trip ended in the devastating way that it did. She, unknowingly, led her entire family to their fate. She is even more responsible for the deaths because of what she brought on the trip with her. If there had been no cat, there would have not been an accident. If the accident would not have happened, the family had an extremely good chance to survive their vacation. There are many things that happen in the story that gives more information about the grandmother. The reader can tell that the woman is paranoid by her conversations at the start of this story. She reads about the Misfit killer and assumes it would be dangerous to travel to Florida with a man like that on the loose. She is also a lonely person because she sneaks her cat, Pitty Sing, along for the ride. The author states that the woman did not want to leave the cat because it would miss her too much or would rub against a burner and asphyxiate itself (Page 427). I believe that the cat was the only thing that showed her love and attention. Her only son, had a family of his own, her grandchildren were older now, and she felt like she was not important to them anymore, and the childrens mother was involved with the baby. By bringing the cat, she felt like she would not be lonely. The reader can also tell that the woman is extremely prejudice. She refers to the black child as a cute little pickaninny; and a nigger. You can also tell a lot about the old woman by what she is wearing. In the car, she wears white gloves, a sailor hat, and a navy blue dress. She states that the prominent clothes are worn so that if anything happens, the people that find her body will know that she was a lady (Page 427). I think she wore this outfit so that she could think she was something she was not. It is clearly seen that in her youth, she lived in prosperity. She had everything from youthfulness to money and to love. One of the most important scenes in the story .

The supply and demand of Crude Oil Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The supply and demand of Crude Oil - Term Paper Example Supply of oil at the global level is becoming progressively tighter with the passing of the day and this phenomenon is referred to as one most decisive factor that has lead to the recent massive towering of oil prices. This paper is intended to study in detail the price condition of the current global oil market and the trend of demand and supply shown by the different importers and exporters. Information collected from secondary sources is reviewed in the next section of the paper and is analyzed in the third section. Based on the analysis recommendations are added to the concluding portion of the paper. Literature Review Demand for petroleum products in the region of the Asia-Pacific countries is showing a growing trend. China is in particular, one of the fastest growing economies in the world and its noteworthy economic development creates high demand for crude oil. India is the other significant developing country where the demographic factor leads to high demand of crude oil. Th ese countries are big importers of oil in the international market. According to the preliminary statistics published in the reports of the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) in the history of the US, it is the first instance in 40 years time, that China has reached the top position in the rank of net oil importers in the world exceeding the net import of the United States. This outcome has partly occurred due to the rise in taxes in the United States that is considered as a potential reason by analysts behind distorting the country’s net oil imports (Oil Price, 2013). On one hand, a score of regulations related to the petroleum industry are relaxed by a number of countries, which assures that the pressure for compressing the demand and supply of petroleum is going to be reduced to a certain extent. This is because deregulation is expected to expand the worldwide trade in crude oil and petroleum products over the years. However, on the other hand, the regulation is being implemented in the different countries at differing paces, which creates differential levels of participation in international trade by these countries. Free trade might be hampered by the economic condition and the policies adopted by the importing country which dictates the level of import in the country (Nakanishi & Komiyama, 2006). Trends in energy consumption trends show that the total consumption of primary energy in the world was near about 10,800 million tons oil equivalent (MTOE) in 2010. The forecast of the total consumption for the year 2030 is around 16,000 MTOE. This shows approximately 1.2 times and 1.7 times the total consumption figure estimated for 2003 (estimated at about 9,300 MTOE) respectively. American oil boom The newly arising oil boom in America is bringing marked changes in the petroleum market in the whole world. According to the opinion of experts, the emerging importance of America in the petroleum market is reducing the influence of the OPEC count ries on this market and reducing the OPEC’s impact on political upheavals related to prices (Incantalupo, 2013). The U.S. government has revealed after a study conducted by the Energy Information Administration that technically estimated amount of recoverable oil from proven shale reserves in 41 countries is approximately 345 billion barrels (Reuters,

Sociology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 7

Sociology - Essay Example Urged by his therapist to see his son, Bree and Toby then went on a journey that saw the development of their relationship, first, from being based into a mutual respect then into a father and son’s. Clearly, TransAmerica primary theme is that of self-discovery. For example, Bree’s character is full of contradiction and that he has difficulty in making decisions for his life. This is not surprising given that he is quite unusual for being transsexual and that he is forced to deal with conflicting and antagonistic social messages. He has also a very conservative mindset and, interestingly, along with his positive attitude, this has helped him get over his own crises. We have an entirely different and almost opposite character in Toby. He lacks moral and emotional capacities but he is matured and knows what he wants for his future. In a way, Bree’s and Toby’s characterization were complex that everyone in the audience could identify with an aspect of their personality. The movie was unique not simply for its entertainment value but, most importantly, for its social relevance. The Dreams of Sparrows is a documentary about Iraq by Iraqi filmmaker Hayder Daffar. The backdrop of this film is the post-Saddam era, and that it aims to document what the war has brought to Iraq as a country and to its people. Daffar’s attempt at searching for the truth in the film takes us with him as he cover all walks of life in Iraq, starting off with the arts and culture of Baghdad where we encounter Iraqi painters, writers and filmmakers and we learn their perspectives and point of views. As the film continues, the interviews proceed on discussing the politics of occupation as well as the Iraqi resistance. It concluded with the battle over Falluja and the devastating death of one of the crew members of the documentary. Interestingly, at the end of the film the filmmakers did a series of self interviews which was made

Government-operated gambling Essay Example for Free

Government-operated gambling Essay Over the past few years, government operated gambling has grown into a massive business, there has been much controversy around the topic of weather or not Gambling should be regulated. In this essay I will explain my point of view on this topic and give examples that support my ideas. So, what should the state’s policy towards gambling? I believe that the state should not regulate gambling because of three main reasons. My first reason is people’s rights and freedoms. Second, Gambling has grown into a major industry over the pas few years; the centre for addiction and mental health stated in their Gambling Policy framework in 2011 â€Å"Government-operated gambling has steadily expanded in Ontario in the past two decades, revenues reaching $4. 7 billion in 2009. † (2). This shows that Gambling has grown to become a major industry in today’s economy and by doing so it has helped society in several different aspects, the growth of the gambling industry has lead to an increase in revenue for the government, thus resulting in more social benefits towards the public. Finally, The gambling industry has lead to many job opportunities in north America, offering a beacon of hope to those in need of jobs during a recession. In modern society, freedom is not only supported but also cherished, people should be given the freedom to live their lives as they please, weather they choose to live their lives in a healthy way or not that is up to them. However, they must be given the right to live as they please. In the United States, groups such as the KKK are protected under the first amendment, which protects their freedom of speech, no matter how ludicrous it may be, they have the right to say as they please. The same should be applied to life. People should have the choice to live their lives as they please without being watched over by the government. Since gambling does require participants to be of legal age, we know that the people gambling are adults. These grown ups should be able to have control over their own lives, its their responsibility to understand the chances they are taking when gambling. Some may argue that certain people can’t control their gambling problems and have gotten too addicted to gambling and that casinos take advantage of these people. These claims are supported by some statistics given in the centre for addiction and mental health, which states, â€Å"it is estimated that between 30% and 40% of Ontario’s gambling revenues come from the 3% of the population with gambling problems† (2). This statistic shows that the gambling industry does heavily depend of the people addicted to the game. I would respond by expressing two points. First, the people with gambling problems of which they cannot control are a minority, in Jonathan Wolff’s â€Å"Ethics and public policy A Philosophical inquiry†, the author states that â€Å"between 0.6 and 0. 8 of the UK adult population could be classified as problem gambles† (59). Furthermore, in the centre for addiction and mental health’s Gambling Policy framework in 2011 that â€Å"just over 3% of the province’s population experiences moderate to severe gambling problems. †(57). These numbers do not justify having to discipline an entire industry that would affect hundreds of thousands of people that work in it and making their living off jobs in that industry. Second, increasing government regulations on casinos and lotteries will not stop these problem gamblers from gambling. Jonathan Wolff states â€Å"in the late 1950s there were towns about 25 percent of the adult population gambled illegally on a regular basis. †(55). Taking this point into perspective, it could be inferred that if the government increases the regulations on legal casinos and lotteries that would make it harder for people with an addiction to gamble, these people will find other ways to feed their addiction. This is a severe problem because when these people begin to gamble illegally they will put their money into other illegal activities, which could include drugs, weapons or violence. In fact, many large gangs could use this opportunity to fund their illegal activities, which would lead to more trouble in society; another point to be made towards this issue would be that of money, not only would these gamblers be putting their lives at risk when gambling illegally and dealing with gangs, but they could also be keeping this money out of the government’s hand which could go government programs to help the less fortunate. This brings me to my next point and that is that gambling has become a major source of revenue for the government. Government regulated gambling has grown into a massive industry which generates a significant amount of revenue each year of which most ends up in the government as funding for many different organizations. in the paper named â€Å"Gambling: Its Pleasure and costs† by Lorne Tepperman it states that â€Å"The industry group’s report says 57 per cent of gambling revenue $8. 7 billion- supported government services and charities. † (9). Tepperman also states that gambling is the â€Å"most financially significant† (9) segment in entertainment and that it contributes â€Å"$15. 3 billion a year to the economy, according to the Canadian Gaming Association. † (9). Ronald Pavalko also states in his paper titled â€Å"gambling and public policy† â€Å"State revenues from casino taxes totaled nearly $3. 5 billion. † (336). The reality is that today, we are in a recession we can’t afford to decrease that revenue by implementing harsh restrictions on gambling. It is argued that even though gambling is a major source of revenue for the government, it is also a source of misery for people with gambling addictions. The centre for Addiction and Mental health states that â€Å"For these individuals, a range of harms may occur, resulting in heavy social, economic, and health costs such as crime, dysfunctional relationships, and bankruptcy. † (2). However, the solution to this problem is not adding restrictions to gambling but is actually using the money made from gambling towards a better cause. As I have previously stated, people addicted to gambling will not be cured from their addiction by regulating legal gambling because they will find other means to feed their addiction. I believe that the best solution to these people’s gambling problem would be using the revenue that they generate for the government in taxes could be used to create social programs for people with serious addictions to gambling that would help them quit. I believe this solution would be ideal because the minority of people with gambling addictions will be treated in a proper healthy way in order to get over their addiction, the left over revenue could still be used in other social programs and finally, the money and profit that the casinos and lotteries generate will still flow which would result in more jobs, another source of income to the economy and would prevent people from getting fired from their jobs if harsh restrictions were to be applied to gambling agencies. My final argument for this essay is that of employment. As previously stated, gambling generates a huge amount of revenue for the government, Gambling is a growing industry and with its growth it creates several opportunities for jobs for people in need. Gambling generates many jobs that help the economy grow in this time of need. Gambling generates jobs of all sorts, from the engineers and architects that build and design the casinos, to the people who sell lottery tickets, to those who actually work in casinos. All of these people generate their income because of the gambling industry. Tepperman states that in Canada gambling accounts for â€Å"267,000 full time jobs. † (6). Pavalko also states in his paper that in only eleven states a total of 370,207 people are employed in casinos, In a country with a current unemployment rate of 8%, the Gambling industry should be seen as a source for solutions to a much more serious problem than an addiction to gambling. Expanding the gambling industry will in return create more job opportunities and help decrease the unemployment rate dramatically. However, if the government begins to set harsher policies towards gambling and casinos are required to cut costs, the unemployment rate might increase which would create even more social issue, which could result in protests and riots from the workers who have lost their jobs due to the harsh policy towards gambling. Some might argue that Gambling still creates harm towards many people and even though it can create jobs it can also result in many people losing their jobs. I would respond by quoting Lorne Tepperman â€Å"A majority of adults gamble responsible; only a small minority of the population experiences gambling related harm. † (1). I believe that gambling will create more jobs that it will end and that that is just a minor side effect that could be easily cured by the revenue that gambling will generate for the government, this money could be put back into society and produce new projects that create new job opportunities and these jobs could be offered to those who had lost their previous jobs. In conclusion I would say that I do not believe that the government should regulate gambling because of the reasons that I have stated earlier in this essay. First, Gambling is a choice and freedom. It a civil right and the government should not be able to decide weather or not you are allowed to gamble or how much you are allowed to gamble. Second, Gambling has grown into a major industry and has become a major source of revenue to the government. Gambling has helped fund many government programs used to help the less fortunate, even though gambling does create certain people who are addicted to it, they are nowhere near as many as the people whom gambling helps. In this situation the pros drastically outweigh the cons and as previously stated, the revenue generated from gambling could go towards social programs made to help people with gambling addictions, that way these people will eventually cure themselves of their addiction and the hundreds of thousands of people whom depend on gambling a source of income would not be affected, which is what I believe is a win-win situation. This brings me to my final argument, employment. The gambling industry has created hundreds of thousands of job opportunities to many of those who need it, especially in a recession where millions struggle to find an income support for them and their families. I would say that the government should encourage gambling businesses to grow. However, as Christiane Pouline states in his paper titled â€Å"Gambling† that â€Å"Decisions on policy pertaining to gambling need to be based on a full accounting of the health, economic and social benefits and costs of gambling. † (1208). Which is why the policy towards gambling should be set to help both the gambler and the Casinos. That policy should state that a majority of the profit that is generated from Casinos should go towards social programs that will benefit society; these social programs should include programs made to help gambling addicts with their problems. James Doughney perfectly sums up this policy in his book titled â€Å"The poker machine state†. Doughney says, â€Å"Try to do good; but even when you cannot at least do not knowingly cause harm. † (1). Over the past several years, gambling has grown into the largest sector of the entertainment industry, creating the most amount of revenue to the government. Our society should be scared of this phenomenon and try to regulate it, we should actually take advantage of it and use it to help make the most the most of this opportunity by using the money made from gambling to improve our lives and the lives of those around us.